Businesses starting out or looking to grow often struggle with accessibility to working capital (i.e. cash).
We are often asked by private clients and business owners – what about the funds in our superannuation? For many, super is often perceived as a cash reserve just sitting there not being utilised effectively.
It is important to understand the sole purpose of any superannuation fund: to provide retirement benefits to its members. As such any superannuation investment decision must ensure the fund is likely to meet the retirement needs of each member.
The question we will explore in this article is can superannuation (particularly that in a Self-Managed superannuation Fund (SMSF)) also offer private and family owned businesses an opportunity to amplify their business?
The answer is YES!....BUT…it’s a complex area, so it is important to seek professional financial, legal and tax advice from a suitably licenced and qualified advisor to find out whether this is the right course of action for you and your specific circumstances.
SMSF’s and investing in business premises
One strategy many of our private clients have considered is utilising a SMSF structure to acquire a business premises.
A SMSF can acquire commercial property, commonly referred to as ‘Business Real Property’, which includes property that is wholly and exclusively used in one or more business.
This strategy offers many advantages, including exercising more control over your superannuation as an investment vehicle and freeing up cash in the business for growth. However when working with your advisors it is also important to consider issues such as:
- Is the property consistent with the SMSF investment strategy?
- Is the timing of the property’s cash flows consistent with when members wish to receive retirement incomes?
- How the SMSF will deal with the payment of lump sums, either at the request of a member or as a death benefit payment
- What impact is there on the family estate plan?
If the strategy is considered appropriate for your business and SMSF, there are generally two approaches to consider:
- Transferring a property you already own into an SMSF structure
- Borrowing in an SMSF to purchase a new property
Transfer of a property you already own into your SMSF
There is no restriction on who the SMSF acquires the business real property from (it could be an unrelated third party or even a related party such as the SMSF trustees, members, their relatives and other entities they control). An added benefit of business real property is that it can also be leased to a related party. However, the lease must be at arm’s length terms and strictly enforced.
Where the business real property is held by an individual member or members of the SMSF the property can be contributed into the SMSF, commonly referred to an ‘in specie’ contribution. Superannuation contributions are however subject to annual limits depending on a number of factors, in particular age and work tests.
It is important to also keep in mind the transfer or sale of the asset to a SMSF is a disposal for Capital Gains Tax (CGT) purposes. Where the business premises are used in the individual's own business, the member may also have the opportunity to utilise the small business CGT concessions.
Stamp Duty concession on transfer
Stamp Duty imposed by State and Territory governments should always be researched and considered before transferring land/property to an SMSF. Concessions or exemptions from duty may be available depending on the State or Territory in which the land is situated.
In NSW for example, Stamp Duty on transfer of a property to a SMSF can be discounted to $500 when the following conditions are met:
- transferor is the only member of the superannuation fund or the property is to be held by the trustee solely for the benefit of the transfer; or if the property is held jointly, it is to be used for the benefit of those members transferring the property in the same proportions as it was held by them before the transfer; and
- the property is to be used solely for the purpose of providing a retirement benefit to the transferor
This concession can be considerable, for example with a property with a market value of $500,000, you can save $17,490 in Stamp Duty.
Borrowing in an SMSF to acquire business real property
An SMSF is permitted to borrow but there are a number of very strict rules governing what the borrowed money can be used for. Loans of this nature are commonly referred to as a Limited Recourse Borrowing (LRB) arrangement.
The rules surrounding LRB arrangements are quite complex. In essence, the SMSF can borrow under an instalment warrant arrangement such that the lender has limited recourse over the property (and no other asset of the SMSF). Whilst under the limited recourse borrowing arrangement, the property must be held on trust for the benefit of the SMSF.
Additionally, the SMSF must only use the borrowed money for the property alone, and cannot use the borrowing to improve the asset.
